Thousands convicted in Belarus during sweeping crackdown on dissent

Thousands of Belarusians have been convicted on politically driven charges over the last three years as part of the authorities’ relentless crackdown on dissent, the country’s leading human rights group said on Monday.

The Viasna human rights centre said that at least 4,690 people have been convicted on politically motivated charges since the August 2020 presidential election fuelled major protests to which the authorities responded with brutal repressions.

Viasna spokesman Pavel Sapelka said the number of people who faced persecution for political motives could be higher as the group does not know all the convicts’ names.

“The largest repressive machine of the 21st century created in the centre of Europe has been gaining steam, aimed at the suppression of all freedoms,” he said, adding that the scale of repression in Belarus is even broader than in neighbouring Russia.

According to Viasna, at least 1,300 people faced criminal investigations on political grounds last year.

“Even a suspicion of disloyalty is enough to trigger political repressions,” Mr Sapelka said.

Last month, authoritarian Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko cemented his 30-year rule in tightly controlled parliamentary and local elections in which only loyalists could compete.

The February 25 vote was the first in Belarus since the contentious 2020 election that handed Mr Lukashenko his sixth term in office and sparked mass protests.

Authorities responded with a sweeping crackdown, in which more than 35,000 people were arrested, thousands were beaten in police custody, and hundreds of independent media outlets and non-government organisations were shut down and outlawed.

Last month’s vote was held amid a brutal crackdown on dissent.

More than 1,400 political prisoners remain behind bars, including leaders of opposition parties and renowned human rights advocate Ales Bialiatski, who won the Nobel Peace Prize in 2022.

Imprisoned opposition leaders have been held incommunicado, raising fears about their condition.

Relatives of imprisoned Belarusian opposition figure Maria Kolesnikova, who is serving 11 years in prison for helping organise opposition protests, have not heard from her for more than a year.

Also, for more than a year, no one has seen or heard from Viktar Babaryka, a presidential hopeful who sought to challenge Mr Lukashenko in 2020 but was jailed and given a 14-year prison term, or about another opposition leader serving a 14-year sentence, Mikola Statkevich.

Viasna said that at least five political prisoners died in custody over the last three years.

Mr Lukashenko has relied on subsidies and political support from his main ally, Russia, to survive the protests. He allowed Moscow to use Belarusian territory to send troops into Ukraine in February 2022.

Mr Sapelka noted that Belarusian authorities were specifically targeting those Belarusians who opposed Russia’s war in Ukraine.

According to Viasna, at least 1,671 Belarusians have been detained for their anti-war position.

At least 94 have been convicted and sentenced to prison terms ranging from one to 23 years, including those who staged sabotage acts on railways and at military air bases, the group said.